San Marino · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
8.62023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| San Marino | 2010 | 12.75800935 | 11.359315906 | 15.430358506 | — |
| San Marino | 2011 | 13.365933209 | 11.903980195 | 16.125267261 | — |
| San Marino | 2012 | 11.975199927 | 10.672984553 | 14.43654106 | — |
| San Marino | 2013 | 11.425880035 | 10.182994866 | 13.757305009 | — |
| San Marino | 2014 | 11.041285757 | 9.8618497 | 13.406218199 | — |
| San Marino | 2015 | 11.244756447 | 10.027588109 | 13.611411817 | — |
| San Marino | 2016 | 10.08383739 | 9.027074184 | 12.212673594 | — |
| San Marino | 2017 | 10.214681708 | 9.131648638 | 12.454736608 | — |
| San Marino | 2018 | 10.670242019 | 9.532930641 | 12.901297974 | — |
| San Marino | 2019 | 9.571591382 | 8.541141746 | 11.54334926 | — |
| San Marino | 2020 | 8.92100172 | 7.942588202 | 10.753350024 | — |
| San Marino | 2021 | 8.886906543 | 7.916734062 | 10.712222056 | — |
| San Marino | 2022 | 9.317968997 | 8.291103966 | 11.238242416 | — |
| San Marino | 2023 | 8.61986248 | 7.664904703 | 10.45886708 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.