Monaco · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
8.72023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monaco | 2010 | 12.684347462 | 11.505587879 | 14.314523543 | — |
| Monaco | 2011 | 13.50422524 | 12.162278828 | 15.151422746 | — |
| Monaco | 2012 | 12.12334445 | 10.988763358 | 13.697244579 | — |
| Monaco | 2013 | 11.577230329 | 10.507673215 | 13.123184517 | — |
| Monaco | 2014 | 10.871781463 | 9.886864545 | 12.249511897 | — |
| Monaco | 2015 | 11.365342994 | 10.237142451 | 12.744569705 | — |
| Monaco | 2016 | 10.446954769 | 9.443891797 | 11.800756315 | — |
| Monaco | 2017 | 10.461527882 | 9.437465685 | 11.73038177 | — |
| Monaco | 2018 | 10.719713508 | 9.691077811 | 12.076120441 | — |
| Monaco | 2019 | 9.867039511 | 8.945343349 | 11.138455575 | — |
| Monaco | 2020 | 9.02976629 | 8.22137106 | 10.179240144 | — |
| Monaco | 2021 | 9.456342696 | 8.580596334 | 10.662711997 | — |
| Monaco | 2022 | 9.795935461 | 8.884127026 | 11.059134471 | — |
| Monaco | 2023 | 8.724717478 | 7.933720971 | 9.816624015 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.