Cuba · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
12.42023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cuba | 2010 | 17.379404283 | 11.535999314 | 24.387348959 | — |
| Cuba | 2011 | 16.502655402 | 10.831727112 | 23.687376163 | — |
| Cuba | 2012 | 17.416714997 | 11.886040548 | 24.945525166 | — |
| Cuba | 2013 | 16.311846254 | 10.832752563 | 23.276267557 | — |
| Cuba | 2014 | 15.355949433 | 10.220000082 | 22.743338738 | — |
| Cuba | 2015 | 16.488910653 | 11.115765589 | 24.197201387 | — |
| Cuba | 2016 | 14.712813859 | 9.947863777 | 22.572803919 | — |
| Cuba | 2017 | 15.135550733 | 10.035038226 | 22.367294218 | — |
| Cuba | 2018 | 14.834821986 | 9.986688097 | 21.148654603 | — |
| Cuba | 2019 | 13.579131385 | 9.210055244 | 19.200960918 | — |
| Cuba | 2020 | 14.658442376 | 9.852117192 | 20.21397071 | — |
| Cuba | 2021 | 14.883489797 | 9.895671296 | 21.241123587 | — |
| Cuba | 2022 | 12.077697332 | 8.131249118 | 17.030058781 | — |
| Cuba | 2023 | 12.404449744 | 8.051295301 | 17.467981664 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.