Canada · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
92023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | 2010 | 7.720153059 | 7.433118547 | 7.990887348 | — |
| Canada | 2011 | 7.610571941 | 7.360629394 | 7.850114229 | — |
| Canada | 2012 | 7.520616578 | 7.265197782 | 7.808833656 | — |
| Canada | 2013 | 7.372782149 | 7.111790236 | 7.612174122 | — |
| Canada | 2014 | 7.425104492 | 7.18152718 | 7.676442096 | — |
| Canada | 2015 | 7.223856424 | 6.946679687 | 7.507386705 | — |
| Canada | 2016 | 6.353865811 | 6.123036684 | 6.578029688 | — |
| Canada | 2017 | 6.876676834 | 6.627098771 | 7.122948848 | — |
| Canada | 2018 | 7.04972531 | 6.849113496 | 7.334170283 | — |
| Canada | 2019 | 6.385115015 | 6.183834819 | 6.615410307 | — |
| Canada | 2020 | 6.369728198 | 6.13267846 | 6.580597217 | — |
| Canada | 2021 | 7.130021615 | 6.874427007 | 7.399402826 | — |
| Canada | 2022 | 6.790622411 | 6.522052264 | 7.065342536 | — |
| Canada | 2023 | 9.045567993 | 8.682405989 | 9.397509055 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.