Benin · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
28.22023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benin | 2010 | 23.008280154 | 16.18163806 | 32.363313558 | — |
| Benin | 2011 | 25.599287427 | 18.117327667 | 35.664643017 | — |
| Benin | 2012 | 25.456913208 | 17.965793258 | 35.319015501 | — |
| Benin | 2013 | 23.67430443 | 16.843772508 | 33.362898856 | — |
| Benin | 2014 | 23.215784593 | 16.368756203 | 32.360233051 | — |
| Benin | 2015 | 30.819431303 | 21.499185813 | 43.736334684 | — |
| Benin | 2016 | 28.52237345 | 20.067308321 | 39.462345354 | — |
| Benin | 2017 | 27.129287901 | 19.171805238 | 37.205204474 | — |
| Benin | 2018 | 26.883977265 | 19.09687032 | 37.094933364 | — |
| Benin | 2019 | 24.03946328 | 17.212008157 | 33.301919387 | — |
| Benin | 2020 | 28.245204385 | 20.035123222 | 39.098611083 | — |
| Benin | 2021 | 27.077163766 | 19.214552574 | 37.202780836 | — |
| Benin | 2022 | 27.580125803 | 19.483164384 | 37.860239452 | — |
| Benin | 2023 | 28.178284618 | 20.040724117 | 38.940265349 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.