Canada—R&D Spending (% of GDP)
Category: TechnologySource: World Bank World Development IndicatorsGlobal Rank: #24 of 105
Latest Value
1.70%
2023
YoY Change
-0.6%
2022 → 2023
Global Rank
#24
of 105 countries
Maximum
2.02%
2001
Minimum
1.69%
2017
CAGR
-0.4%
24 years
Last
1.70%
Previous
1.71%
Highest
2.02%
Lowest
1.69%
Source
World Bank World Development Indicators
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators
Historical Data
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.70% | -0.6% |
| 2022 | 1.71% | -8.2% |
| 2021 | 1.86% | -3.6% |
| 2020 | 1.93% | +10.2% |
| 2019 | 1.76% | +1.1% |
| 2018 | 1.74% | +3.0% |
| 2017 | 1.69% | -2.4% |
| 2016 | 1.73% | +2.1% |
| 2015 | 1.69% | -1.2% |
| 2014 | 1.71% | +0.5% |
| 2013 | 1.71% | -3.8% |
| 2012 | 1.77% | -0.8% |
| 2011 | 1.79% | -2.1% |
| 2010 | 1.83% | -4.8% |
| 2009 | 1.92% | +3.3% |
| 2008 | 1.86% | -2.5% |
| 2007 | 1.90% | -2.0% |
| 2006 | 1.94% | -1.4% |
| 2005 | 1.97% | -1.3% |
| 2004 | 2.00% | +1.5% |
| 2003 | 1.97% | -0.2% |
| 2002 | 1.97% | -2.4% |
| 2001 | 2.02% | +8.8% |
| 2000 | 1.86% |
Top Countries — R&D Spending (% of GDP)
| # | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Israel | 6.02% | 2022 |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 5.87% | 2019 |
| 3 | Korea, Rep. | 5.21% | 2022 |
| 4 | United States | 3.59% | 2022 |
| 5 | Sweden | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 6 | Belgium | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 7 | Japan | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 3.31% | 2021 |
| 9 | Austria | 3.20% | 2022 |
| 10 | Germany | 3.13% | 2022 |
About This Indicator
Definition
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Methodology
Data compiled by Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02.
Source: World Bank - World Development IndicatorsView original source →