Brunei Darussalam—R&D Spending (% of GDP)
Category: TechnologySource: World Bank World Development Indicators
Latest Value
0.28%
2018
YoY Change
+650.2%
2004 → 2018
Maximum
0.28%
2018
Minimum
0.02%
2002
CAGR
+19.6%
4 years
Last
0.28%
Previous
0.04%
Highest
0.28%
Lowest
0.02%
Source
World Bank World Development Indicators
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators
Historical Data
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 0.28% | +650.2% |
| 2004 | 0.04% | +100.9% |
| 2003 | 0.02% | +15.7% |
| 2002 | 0.02% |
Top Countries — R&D Spending (% of GDP)
| # | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Israel | 6.02% | 2022 |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 5.87% | 2019 |
| 3 | Korea, Rep. | 5.21% | 2022 |
| 4 | United States | 3.59% | 2022 |
| 5 | Sweden | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 6 | Belgium | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 7 | Japan | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 3.31% | 2021 |
| 9 | Austria | 3.20% | 2022 |
| 10 | Germany | 3.13% | 2022 |
About This Indicator
Definition
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Methodology
Data compiled by Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02.
Source: World Bank - World Development IndicatorsView original source →